Canja "Taskbar" a Windows 7

Kamar yadda aka sani, akwai nau'o'i biyu na magancewa a cikin Tables na Excel: zumunta da cikakkun. A cikin akwati na farko, mahaɗin ya canza a cikin jagorancin kwashewa ta hanyar haɓaka, kuma a cikin na biyu, ana gyarawa kuma ya kasance ba a canza ba lokacin yin kwashewa. Amma ta hanyar tsoho, duk adireshin a cikin Excel suna cikakke. A lokaci guda, sau da yawa akwai bukatar yin amfani da magance cikakke (gyarawa). Bari mu gano yadda za ayi wannan.

Yi amfani da magancewa daidai

Muna iya buƙatar cikakken magancewa, alal misali, a cikin yanayin lokacin da muka kwafi wata maƙirafi, ɓangaren ɓangarensa ya ƙunshi wani madaidaicin da aka nuna a cikin jerin lambobi, kuma na biyu yana da darajar ƙimar. Wato, wannan lambar yana taka muhimmiyar matsayi, wanda kake buƙatar aiwatar da wani aiki (fassarar, rarraba, da dai sauransu) ga dukan jerin lambobi masu iyaka.

A cikin Excel, akwai hanyoyi guda biyu don saita adireshin gyarawa: ta hanyar samar da cikakkiyar daidaituwa da kuma amfani da aikin DFSS. Bari mu dubi kowane ɗayan waɗannan hanyoyi daki-daki.

Hanyarka 1: cikakkiyar tunani

Hakika, hanyar da aka fi sani da kuma sau da yawa don samar da cikakken magance ita ce yin amfani da cikakkun hanyoyin. Hanyoyin da ba daidai ba sun bambanta ba kawai aikin ba, amma har ma da haɗakarwa. Adireshin zumunta ya ƙunshi sakonni na gaba:

= A1

Don adireshin da aka sanya, an sanya alamar dollar a gaban nauyin daidaitawa:

= $ A $ 1

Ana iya shigar da alamar ta hannu da hannu. Don yin wannan, saita siginan kwamfuta kafin darajar farko na adireshin adireshin (a tsaye) wanda yake cikin tantanin halitta ko a cikin tsari. Na gaba, a cikin shimfiɗar keyboard na keyboard, danna kan maɓallin "4" babba (tare da maɓallin keɓaɓɓen Canji). Yana da akwai cewa akwai alamar dollar. Sa'an nan kuma kana buƙatar yin wannan hanya tare da daidaito a tsaye.

Akwai hanya mafi sauri. Kuna buƙatar sanya siginan kwamfuta cikin tantanin salula inda adireshin yake, kuma danna maballin aikin F4. Bayan haka, alamar dollar za ta bayyana a lokaci ɗaya a gaban daidaitattun kwance da daidaitattun adireshin.

Yanzu bari mu dubi yadda za'a yi amfani da cikakken magancewa ta hanyar yin amfani da cikakkun hanyoyin.

Ɗauki tebur wanda aka ƙidaya ma'aikata. Ana kirkiro lissafin ta hanyar ninka darajar albashin kansu ta hanyar daidaitacce, wanda yake daidai da duk ma'aikata. Gwargwadon kanta kanta yana samuwa a cikin tantanin salula na takardar. Mun fuskanci aiki na ƙidaya yawan ma'aikata a cikin hanya mafi sauri.

1. Saboda haka, a cikin wayar farko ta shafi "Albashi" mun gabatar da mahimmanci don ninka yawan ma'aikaci mai aiki ta hanyar mahaɗin. A cikin yanayinmu, wannan tsari yana da nau'i na gaba:

   = C4 * G3



2. Don ƙididdige sakamakon ƙarshe, danna kan Shigar a kan keyboard. An nuna jimlar a cikin tantanin halitta dauke da wannan tsari.



3. Mun lissafta albashin albashi ga ma'aikaci na farko. Yanzu muna buƙatar yin haka don dukan sauran layi. Tabbas, ana iya rubuta aikin a kowace tantanin halitta na shafi. "Albashi" da hannu, gabatar da irin wannan ma'anar, gyara don biyan bashin, amma muna da aiki, da wuri-wuri don yin lissafi, kuma shigar da rubutu zai dauki lokaci mai yawa. Haka ne, kuma me yasa yasa kayi ƙoƙari akan shigarwar manhaja, idan dabarar za a iya kofewa zuwa wasu kwayoyin?

   Don kwafe tsarin, amfani da kayan aiki kamar alamar cika. Zamu zama siginan kwamfuta a cikin kusurwar dama na tantanin halitta inda yake kunshe. A wannan yanayin, mai siginan kanta dole ne a sāke shi zuwa wannan alamar cikawa a hanyar gicciye. Riƙe maɓallin linzamin hagu kuma ja mai siginan kwamfuta zuwa ƙarshen tebur.



4. Amma, kamar yadda muka gani, maimakon daidaitawa na biya ga sauran ma'aikatan, mun sami kawai baƙi.



5. Mun dubi dalilin wannan sakamakon. Don yin wannan, zaɓi ɓangaren na biyu a cikin shafi "Albashi". Gurbin tsari ya nuna alamar da ta dace da wannan tantanin halitta. Kamar yadda ka gani, na farko factor (C5) ya dace da rabon ma'aikacin, wanda albashi muke fata. Matsayin haɓakawa idan aka kwatanta da cell din da aka rigaya shi ne saboda haɗin haɗin. Duk da haka, a wannan yanayin, muna bukatar shi. Godiya ga wannan, yawan ma'aikacin da muke bukata shi ne na farko. Amma canja wurin haɓaka ya faru tare da na biyu mai yawa. Kuma yanzu adireshinsa ba ya nufin mahaɗin (1,28), da kuma a kan kullun da ke ƙasa.

   

   Wannan shi ne dalilin da ya sa haraji ga ma'aikatan da ke cikin jerin sun kasance ba daidai ba ne.

6. Don magance halin da ake ciki, muna buƙatar canja adireshin na biyu factor daga zumunta da gyarawa. Don yin wannan, koma cikin tantanin farko a shafi. "Albashi"ta hanyar nuna shi. Na gaba, muna matsawa zuwa wannan tsari, inda aka bayyana bayanin da muke bukata. Zaɓi zaɓi na biyu tare da siginan kwamfuta (G3) kuma latsa maɓallin aiki a kan keyboard.



7. Kamar yadda muka gani, wata alama ta dollar ta bayyana kusa da matsayi na biyu, kuma wannan, kamar yadda muka tuna, yana da alamar cikakken magancewa. Don nuna sakamakon, danna maballin Shigar.



8. A halin yanzu, kamar yadda muka rigaya, muna kira mai cikawa ta hanyar ajiye siginan kwamfuta a kusurwar dama na kusurwar farko. "Albashi". Ka riƙe maɓallin linzamin hagu kuma cire shi.



9. Kamar yadda ka gani, a wannan yanayin, an yi lissafi daidai kuma adadin biyan kuɗin da duk ma'aikatan kamfanin ke ƙayyade daidai.



10. Bincika yadda aka kofe wannan tsari. Don yin wannan, zaɓi kashi na biyu na shafi "Albashi". Muna kallon kalma da aka samo a cikin ma'auni. Kamar yadda kake gani, haɗin gwargwadon farko (C5), wanda har yanzu dangi ne, ya sauya aya ɗaya daga cikin tsaye idan aka kwatanta da cell da ta gabata. Amma na biyu factor ($ G $ 3), adireshin da muka sanya a tsaye, ya kasance ba canzawa ba.

Excel kuma yana amfani da abin da ake kira maganganun haɗaka. A wannan yanayin, adreshin haɓaka an gyara ko dai shafi ko jere. An samu wannan a hanyar da aka sanya alamar dollar kawai a gaban ɗayan adreshin adireshin. Ga misali na hanyar haɗin maɗaukaki mai ma'ana:

= A $ 1

Anyi la'akari da wannan adireshin gauraye:

= $ A1

Wato, cikakken magancewa a cikin maganganun da aka haɗu yana amfani dashi kawai don ɗaya daga cikin halayen daidaituwa na biyu.

Bari mu ga yadda za a yi amfani da wannan haɗin haɗin gwiwa ta hanyar yin amfani da misalin harajin albashi daya don ma'aikatan kamfanin.

1. Kamar yadda ka gani, a baya mun sanya shi domin duk haɗin gwiwar na biyu factor shi ne cikakken magance. Amma bari mu ga idan a cikin wannan yanayin duka dabi'u dole ne a gyara? Kamar yadda kake gani, lokacin da kwashe ya faru, sauyawa suna faruwa a tsaye, kuma daidaitattun kwance ba su canza ba. Sabili da haka, yana yiwuwa a yi amfani da cikakken magancewa kawai ga daidaitattun layin, kuma daidaitattun shafi ɗin sun kasance kamar yadda suke ta hanyar tsoho - dangi.

   Zaɓi abu na farko a shafi. "Albashi" kuma a cikin tsari dabarun yi aikin magudi na sama. Muna samun wannan tsari:

   = C4 * G $ 3

   Kamar yadda kake gani, gyarawar da aka yi amfani da shi a cikin na biyu shine mai amfani da shi kawai game da daidaitattun layin. Don nuna sakamakon a cikin tantanin halitta, danna maballin. Shigar.



2. Bayan haka, ta yin amfani da alamar cika, kwafa wannan tsari zuwa ga kewayon kwayoyin da ke ƙasa. Kamar yadda kake gani, haɗin kuɗin da duk ma'aikata suka yi daidai.



3. Mun dubi yadda aka samarda takaddun tsari a cikin tantanin halitta ta biyu na shafi wanda muka yi amfani da shi. Kamar yadda kake gani a cikin ma'auni, bayan zaɓin wannan ɓangaren na takardar, ko da yake abu na biyu kawai yana da cikakkun maganganun jeri na daidaitattun jeri, haɗin gwiwar ba ta canja ba. Wannan shi ne saboda gaskiyar cewa mun kwafe ba a kwance ba, amma a tsaye. Idan za mu kwafe a fili, to, a cikin irin wannan yanayi, akasin haka, dole ne mu yi maganganun gyaran kafa na daidaitattun ginshiƙai, kuma don layuka wannan tsari zai kasance na zaɓi.

Darasi: Aboki da zumunta a cikin Excel

Hanyar 2: aiki na FLOSS

Hanya na biyu don tsara cikakken magancewa a cikin tebur na Excel shine amfani da mai aiki FLOSS. Ayyukan da aka ƙayyade ya ƙunshi ƙungiyar masu aiki. "Hanyoyin sadarwa da zane-zane". Ayyukansa shine ƙirƙirar haɗi zuwa tantanin halitta wanda aka ƙayyade tare da fitarwa na sakamakon zuwa ɓangaren takardar da ke aiki da mai aiki kanta. A wannan yanayin, haɗin yana haɗe da haɗin kai har ma fiye da lokacin amfani da alamar dollar. Saboda haka, an yarda da shi a wasu lokuta don kiran haruffa ta amfani da su FLOSS "Super-cikakke". Wannan sanarwa tana da wadannan haɗin kai:

= FLOSS (link to cell; [a1])

Aikin yana da muhawara guda biyu, wanda farko yana da matsayi mai mahimmanci, kuma na biyu baiyi.

Magana Cell Link yana haɗi zuwa wani ɓangaren takardar Excel a cikin rubutu. Wato, wannan wata hanyar haɗi ce, amma an haɗa shi a cikin sharuddan. Wannan shi ne ainihin abin da ya sa ya yiwu don samar da cikakkun kaya.

Magana "a1" - zaɓi da kuma amfani dashi a lokuta masu ban mamaki. Amfani da shi ya zama dole ne kawai lokacin da mai amfani ya zabi wani zaɓi na musanya, maimakon mahimmancin yin amfani da jagorancin ta hanyar bugawa "A1" (ginshiƙai suna da rubutun wasiƙa, kuma layin suna lambobi). Hanya yana nuna amfani da salon "R1C1"wanda ginshiƙai, kamar layuka, suna lambobi. Canja zuwa wannan yanayi na aiki yana yiwuwa ta hanyar maɓallin zaɓi na Excel. Bayan haka, yin amfani da mai aiki FLOSS, a matsayin hujja "a1" ya kamata ya nuna darajar "FALSE". Idan kuna aiki a yanayin al'ada na nuna haɗi, kamar sauran masu amfani, to, a matsayin hujja "a1" iya ƙayyade darajar "Gaskiya". Duk da haka, wannan ƙimar yana nuna ta tsoho, saboda haka gardama a wannan yanayin ya fi sauki a cikin wannan yanayin. "a1" kar a saka.

Bari mu ga yadda cikakken jawabi zai yi aiki, tare da aiki FLOSS, ta misali da albashin mu.

1. Zaɓi abu na farko a shafi. "Albashi". Mun sanya alamar "=". Kamar yadda ka tuna, na farko ya karu a cikin ƙayyadadden ƙayyadadden lissafi na albashi dole ne wakilcin dangi ya wakilta shi. Saboda haka, kawai danna tantanin halitta wanda ke dauke da nauyin albashi daidai (C4). Biyan yadda aka nuna adireshinsa a cikin abu don nuna sakamakon, danna maballin ninka (*) a kan keyboard. Sa'an nan kuma muna buƙatar motsawa ta amfani da mai aiki FLOSS. Danna kan gunkin. "Saka aiki".



2. A cikin taga wanda ya buɗe Ma'aikata masu aiki je zuwa kundin "Hanyoyin sadarwa da zane-zane". Daga cikin jerin sunayen da aka gabatar da sunayen zaɓar sunan "DVSSYL". Sa'an nan kuma danna maballin. "Ok".



3. Ƙaddamar da muhawarar aikin mai aiki FLOSS. Ya ƙunshi wurare guda biyu waɗanda suka dace da muhawarar wannan aikin.

   Sa siginan kwamfuta a filin Cell Link. Kawai danna kan kashi na takardar, wanda shine ma'auni don lissafin albashi (G3). Adireshin zai bayyana a cikin akwatin jigilar. Idan muna aiki tare da aiki na yau da kullum, to gabatar da adireshin za a iya la'akari da cikakken, amma muna amfani da aikin FLOSS. Kamar yadda muka tuna, adireshin da ke ciki dole ne a cikin nau'i na rubutu. Sabili da haka, muna kunshe da ƙayyadaddun, waɗanda suke a filin filin, a cikin sharuddan.

   Tun da yake muna aiki a cikin yanayin daidaitaccen daidaitawa, filin "A1" bar blank. Danna maballin "Ok".



4. Aikace-aikacen yana yin lissafin kuma ya nuna sakamakon a cikin takardar shaidar dauke da wannan tsari.



5. Yanzu zamu kwafa wannan mahimmanci zuwa dukkanin sassan kundin. "Albashi" ta wurin alamar cika, kamar yadda muka yi a baya. Kamar yadda kake gani, duk sakamakon da aka ƙayyade daidai.



6. Bari mu ga yadda aka nuna wannan tsari a daya daga cikin sel inda aka kofe shi. Zaɓi kashi na biyu na shafi kuma duba kullin tsari. Kamar yadda kake gani, mahimman abu na farko, wanda shine bayanin dangi, ya canza matsayinsa. A lokaci guda, hujja na biyu factor, wanda yake wakiltar da aikin FLOSS, ya kasance canzawa. A wannan yanayin, ana amfani da fasahar magancewa ta gyara.

Darasi: Mai sarrafa DVSE mai aiki a Excel

Ana iya samun cikakkiyar magancewa a cikin ɗakunan Fayil na Excel ta hanyoyi biyu: yin amfani da aikin FLESS da kuma yin amfani da cikakkun haɗi. A wannan yanayin, aikin yana samar da mahimman ƙira ga adireshin. Ana iya amfani da maganganun cikakkiyar maganganu yayin amfani da haɗin haɗe.