ART ko Dalvik a kan Android - menene shi, abin da ya fi kyau, yadda za'a taimaka

02.25.2014 na'urorin hannu

Google ya gabatar da sabon saiti aikace-aikace a matsayin ɓangare na Android 4.4 KitKat sabuntawa. Yanzu, baya ga na'ura ta asali Dalvik, a kan na'urorin zamani tare da na'urorin sarrafawa na Snapdragon, yana yiwuwa a zaɓar yanayi na ART. (Idan ka zo wannan labarin domin gano yadda za a taimaka ART a kan Android, gungura zuwa ƙarshen, ana ba da wannan bayani a can).

Mene ne lokacin tafiyar aikace-aikace kuma ina ne na'urar inji ta atomatik yake? A cikin Android, ana amfani da na'ura ta asali na Dalvik (ta tsoho, a wannan lokaci) don aiwatar da aikace-aikacen da ka sauke fayilolin APK (kuma waɗanda ba a haɗa su ba code), kuma ɗawainiyar tattarawa ta fada akan shi.

A cikin na'ura mai kwakwalwa ta Dalvik, don tattara aikace-aikacen, ana amfani da kuskuren hanya (JIT), wanda ya haifar da tattarawa nan da nan a kan ƙaddamar ko a karkashin wasu ayyuka masu amfani. Wannan zai haifar da dogon jirage lokacin farawa da aikace-aikacen, "ƙuƙwalwa", ƙarin amfani da RAM.

Babban bambanci na yanayin ART

ART (Android Runtime) sabon sabo ne, amma gwajin kayan aiki na gwaji da aka gabatar a Android 4.4 kuma zaka iya taimakawa shi kawai a cikin matakan mai dasu (za'a nuna a kasa yadda za a yi).

Babban bambanci tsakanin ART da Dalvik shine tsarin AOT (A gaba-lokaci) yayin aikace-aikace masu gudana, wanda shine ma'anar rigakafin aikace-aikacen shigarwa: saboda haka, shigarwar farko na aikace-aikacen zai dauki lokaci mai tsawo, za su dauki ƙarin sarari a cikin na'ura na na'ura na Android duk da haka, ƙaddamarwa ta gaba zai zama sauri (an riga an hade shi), da kuma yin amfani da mai sarrafawa da RAM ta hanyar amfani da buƙata na iya, a ka'idar, haifar da rashin amfani makamashi.

Mene ne mafi kyau, ART ko Dalvik?

A Intanit, akwai alamun bambancin da yawa game da yadda na'urorin Android ke aiki a wurare biyu kuma sakamakon ya bambanta. Daya daga cikin mafi yawan bayanai da kuma cikakken irin wadannan gwaje-gwaje an rubuta a kan androidpolice.com (Turanci):

• yi a ART da Dalvik,
• baturi, amfani da wutar lantarki a ART da Dalvik

Idan aka ƙaddamar da sakamakon, ana iya cewa babu wata alamar kwarewa a wannan lokaci a lokaci (yana da muhimmanci a la'akari da cewa aiki a kan ART ya ci gaba, wannan yanayi ne kawai a gwaji) ART ba: a wasu gwaje-gwaje na yin amfani da wannan yanayin yana nuna sakamako mafi kyau (musamman game da aikin, amma ba a cikin dukkan fannoni), kuma a wasu abubuwan da ke da amfani na musamman imperceptible ko Dalvik gaba. Alal misali, idan muna magana game da rayuwar batir, to, akasin tsammanin, Dalvik yana nuna kusan daidai daidai da ART.

Tabbataccen ƙaddamarwa mafi yawan gwaje-gwaje - bambancin bayyane yayin yin aiki tare da ART, wanda ba Dalvik ba. Duk da haka, sabon yanayin da tsarin da ake amfani dashi yana neman alamar rahama, kuma watakila a Android 4.5 ko Android 5 irin wannan bambanci zai zama fili. (Bugu da ƙari, Google za ta iya yin ART ta yanayin da ya dace).

Wasu mahimmancin maki don kulawa idan kun yanke shawara don kunna yanayi ART maimakon Dalvik - wasu aikace-aikace bazai aiki daidai (ko a'a ba, misali Whatsapp da Titanium Ajiyayyen), da cikakke sake yi Android na iya daukar minti 10-20 wato, idan kun juya ART kuma bayan sake sake wayar ko kwamfutar hannu, an daskarewa, jira.

Yadda za a kunna ART akan Android

Domin taimakawa ART, dole ne ka sami wayar Android ko kwamfutar hannu tare da OS 4.4.x kuma mai sarrafawa Snapdragon, misali, Nexus 5 ko Nexus 7 2013.

Da farko kana buƙatar kunna yanayin mai dasu a kan Android. Don yin wannan, je zuwa saitunan na'ura, je zuwa "Game da waya" (game da kwamfutar hannu) kuma danna maɓallin "Ginin gida" sau da yawa har sai ka ga sako da ka zama mai tasowa.

Bayan haka, "Abubuwan Masu Tsarawa" za su bayyana a cikin saitunan, kuma a can - "Zaɓi Yanayin muhalli", inda za ka shigar da ART maimakon Dalvik, idan kana da irin wannan marmarin.