Yau kwanan nan, Ƙananan ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar sun ƙwace dukkan sauran ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya masu ɗaukar hoto, kamar CDs, DVDs, da kwakwalwa. A gefe na ƙwaƙwalwar walƙiya ba za a iya saukakawa ba a cikin nauyin ƙananan ƙananan bayanai da zasu iya saukarwa. Ƙarshen, duk da haka, ya dogara da tsarin fayil wanda aka tsara shi.
Bayani na tsarin fayiloli mafi yawan
Mene ne tsarin fayil? Da yake magana mai kyau, wannan hanya ce ta tsara bayanai da OS ta fahimta, tare da rarraba cikin takardun da kundayen adireshi waɗanda suka saba da masu amfani. Babban nau'in tsarin fayil a yau akwai 3: FAT32, NTFS da exFAT. Ba za muyi la'akari da ext4 da HFS tsarin (sigogi don Linux da Mac OS daidai ba) saboda rashin karfinsu.
Muhimmancin halaye na tsarin fayiloli za a iya raba su zuwa ka'idoji masu biyowa: bukatun tsarin, tasiri akan lalacewar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa da ƙuntatawa akan girman fayilolin da kundayen adireshi. Yi la'akari da kowane ma'auni ga dukkanin tsarin 3.
Duba kuma:
Ayyuka mafi kyau ga tsarawa da tafiyarwa da kwaskwarima
Umurnai don canza tsarin fayil a kan kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka
Kamfani da kuma bukatun tsarin
Zai yiwu mafi mahimmancin ka'idodin, musamman ma idan aka yi amfani da ƙirar wuta don amfani da shi zuwa babban adadin na'urori a kan tsarin daban-daban.
FAT32
FAT32 shi ne mafi tsofaffin rubuce-rubuce da tsarin sarrafa fayil har yanzu yana da dacewa, wanda aka samo asali ga MS-DOS. Yana da mafi daidaitattun haɗin kai - idan an tsara shi a cikin FAT32, sa'an nan kuma mafi yawan na'urori sun gane shi, koda kuwa tsarin tsarin. Bugu da ƙari, yin aiki tare da FAT32 bazai buƙatar adadin RAM da ikon sarrafawa ba.
NTFS
Shirin tsarin Windows ɗin shi ne tsoho tun lokacin miƙa wannan OSES zuwa haɗin NT. Kayayyakin aiki tare da wannan tsarin suna cikin duka Windows da Linux, Mac OS. Duk da haka, akwai wasu matsaloli tare da haɗin NTFS-tsara fassarar zuwa stereos ko 'yan wasan motsa jiki, musamman daga ƙwararraki na biyu, da Android da iOS ta hanyar OTG. Bugu da ƙari, idan aka kwatanta da FAT32, yawan RAM da ake bukata don aiki da CPU mita sun karu.
exFAT
Sunan sunan yana nufin "Extended FAT", wanda ya dace da ainihin - exFAT kuma akwai ƙarin ƙaddamar da inganta FAT32. Ƙaddamar da Microsoft musamman don tafiyar da ƙwaƙwalwa, wannan tsarin shi ne akalla jituwa: waɗannan na'urorin flash suna iya haɗawa kawai zuwa kwakwalwa ta Windows (ba ƙananan fiye da XP SP2) ba, har ma da wayoyin Android da iOS. Yawan RAM da ake buƙata ta tsarin da gudun mai sarrafawa kuma ya karu bisa ga yadda ya kamata.
Kamar yadda kake gani, ta hanyar jimlar daidaituwa da kuma bukatun tsarin, FAT32 shine jagoran da ba a sani ba.
Dama akan ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa
Ta hanyar fasaha, ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya ta ƙare, wanda ya dogara da yawan adadin raƙuman rediyo, wanda, bi da bi, ya dogara ne akan ingancin guntu wanda aka shigar a cikin kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka. Tsarin fayil ɗin, dangane da halaye na kansa, zai iya yada rai na ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya ko rage shi.
Duba kuma: Jagora don jarraba wasan kwaikwayo na tafiyarwa na flash
FAT32
Bisa ga mahimmancin tasiri akan sawa, wannan tsarin ya ɓata ga kowa da kowa: saboda yanayin kungiyar, yana aiki da ƙananan fayiloli da ƙananan fayiloli, amma ya raguwa da bayanan da aka rubuta. Wannan yana haifar da samun dama ga tsarin tsarin aiki zuwa sassa daban daban, kuma, sakamakon haka, haɓaka a yawan adadin Karanta-Rubutu. Sabili da haka, ƙaddamar da kwamfutar da aka tsara a FAT32 zai yi aiki kaɗan.
NTFS
Da wannan tsarin, yanayin ya riga ya fi kyau. NTFS bai daina dogara ga rabuwa na fayil kuma, ƙari ma, ya riga ya riga ya ƙaddamar da ƙididdigar ƙididdigar abun ciki, wanda yana da tasiri mai kyau a kan durability na drive. Duk da haka, haɗakarwar wannan tsarin fayil a wasu matakan da amfani da aka samu, da kuma fasalin haruffan bayanai suna tilasta mu samun dama ga wuraren ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya musamman sau da yawa kuma amfani da kullun, wanda kuma yana da tasiri game da dorewa.
exFAT
Tun lokacin da aka ƙaddamar da EXPAT musamman domin amfani da kayan aiki na flash, masu ci gaba sun biya mafi girman hankali don rage yawan hawan maimaitawa. Dangane da ƙungiyar da siffofin ajiya, yana rage yawan ƙididdigar rewriting, musamman ma idan aka kwatanta da FAT32 - an saka katin bit na sararin samaniya zuwa exFAT, wanda ya rage rarrabuwa, wanda shine babban mahimmanci wajen rage rayuwar sabis na gogewa.
Saboda abin da ke sama, zamu iya gane cewa exFAT yana rinjayar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya mafi ƙanƙanta.
Ƙuntatawa a kan fayilolin fayil da kuma masu girma
Wannan sigar ya zama mai mahimmanci a kowace shekara: kundin adana bayanai, da damar ajiya, suna ci gaba da girma.
FAT32
Saboda haka mun sami babban hasara na wannan tsarin fayil - a cikin shi iyakar adadin fayil ɗaya an iyakance shi zuwa 4 GB. A lokacin MS-DOS, wannan za a yi la'akari da darajar astronomical, amma a yau wannan iyakancewa ya haifar da rashin jin daɗi. Bugu da ƙari, akwai iyakance akan yawan fayiloli a cikin farfadowa na tushen - ba fiye da 512 ba. A gefe guda, za'a iya samun yawan fayiloli a cikin manyan fayiloli marasa tushe.
NTFS
Babban bambanci tsakanin NTFS da FAT32 da aka yi amfani da su a baya sun kasance kusan ƙaramin ƙaranci, wanda ɗayan fayil zai iya zama. Tabbas, akwai iyakancewar fasaha, amma a cikin makomar gaba ba za a samu ba da jimawa. Hakazalika, adadin bayanai a cikin shugabanci bai kusan iyaka ba, kodayake wucewa da wani matakan ƙwayar yana cike da karfi a cikin aikin (siffar NTFS). Har ila yau, ya kamata ku lura cewa a cikin wannan tsarin fayil akwai iyakacin haruffa a cikin sunan shugabanci.
Duba Har ila yau: Duk game da tsara flash tafiyarwa a cikin NTFS
exFAT
Ƙimar iyakar fayil ɗin da aka yarda a EXFAT ya fi ƙaruwa idan aka kwatanta da NTFS - wannan shi ne 16 zettabytes, wanda shine daruruwan dubban sau da yawa fiye da damar ƙwanƙwirar ƙwallon ƙaran da ke samuwa a kasuwanci. A halin yanzu yanayi, ana iya la'akari da cewa iyakar yana kusan ba a nan.
Ƙarshe - ta wannan matakan NTFS da exFAT kusan kusan.
Abin da tsarin fayil zai zabi
Bisa ga jimlar jeri na sigogi, exFAT shine tsarin fayilolin da akafi so, duk da haka, mai mai ragewa ta hanyar sauƙaƙan ƙwarewa zai iya tilasta ka ka juya zuwa wasu tsarin. Alal misali, ƙila na USB na kasa da 4 GB, wadda aka shirya don haɗawa da motar mota, an tsara shi da FAT32: dacewa mai dacewa, ƙwanƙwasa samun dama ga fayiloli da ƙananan bukatun ga RAM. Bugu da ƙari, kwakwalwar diski don sake shigar da Windows sun fi dacewa su yi a FAT32 ma.
Ƙarin bayani:
Yin kwakwalwa ta USB
Yadda za a rikodin kiɗa a kan ƙwallon ƙafa don karanta radiyo mai rikodin rediyo
Filanin Flash sun fi girma fiye da 32 GB wanda aka ajiye takardu da manyan fayilolin da aka tsara tare da exFAT. Wannan tsarin ya dace da ayyuka na waɗannan masu tafiyarwa saboda kuskuren ƙananan fayiloli da ƙananan raƙuman. ExFat ya dace da ajiya na tsawon lokaci na wasu bayanai saboda sakamako mai ragewa akan lalacewar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa.
Dangane da waɗannan tsarin, NTFS yayi kama da wani sulhuntawa zaɓi - yana dacewa da masu amfani waɗanda suke daga lokaci zuwa lokaci suna buƙatar kwafi ko matsar da matsakaici da yawa daga bayanai akan ƙananan matakan ƙwaƙwalwa.
Dangane da dukkanin abin da ke sama, mun lura cewa zabi na tsarin fayil ya kamata ya dace da ayyuka da manufofin yin amfani da kwamfutarka. Lokacin da ka samu sabon kundin, kayi tunanin yadda za ka yi amfani da shi, kuma bisa ga wannan, tsara shi a cikin tsarin da ya dace.
