Daga cikin maganganu daban-daban da aka yi amfani da su a yayin aiki tare da Microsoft Excel, ya kamata ka zaɓa ayyukan da ke da ma'ana. An yi amfani dasu don nuna cikar yanayi daban-daban a cikin tsarin. Bugu da ƙari, idan yanayin da kansu zasu iya zama daban-daban, sakamakon sakamakon aiki na gari zai iya ɗauka kawai dabi'u biyu: yanayin ya cika (Gaskiya) kuma ba a sadu da yanayin (FALSE). Bari mu dubi abin da ke cikin Excel.
Babban masu aiki
Akwai masu aiki da dama na ayyuka masu mahimmanci. Daga cikin manyan, dole ne a yi la'akari da wadannan:
- Gaskiya;
- FALSE;
- IF;
- Gyara;
- KO;
- Kuma;
- NOT;
- Gyara;
- BUYA.
Akwai ayyuka masu mahimmanci marasa amfani.
Kowace mai aiki na sama, sai dai na farko, yana da muhawara. Tambayoyi na iya zama ko lambobi mabambanci ko rubutu, ko kuma nassoshi da ke nuna adireshin bayanan bayanan.
Ayyuka Gaskiya kuma FALSE
Mai sarrafawa Gaskiya karɓar takamaiman manufa mai mahimmanci. Wannan aikin ba shi da wata hujja, kuma, a matsayin mai mulkin, kusan kusan wani ɓangare na maganganu masu haɗari.
Mai sarrafawa FALSEa akasin wannan, ya yarda da kowane darajar da ba gaskiya ba. Hakazalika, wannan aikin ba shi da wata hujja kuma an haɗa shi cikin maganganu masu haɗari.
Ayyuka Kuma kuma Ko
Yanayi Kuma yana haɗi tsakanin yanayi da yawa. Sai kawai idan duk yanayin da wannan aikin zai ɗauka, zai dawo Gaskiya. Idan akalla huɗar hujjar ta nuna darajar FALSEto, mai aiki Kuma kullum dawo daidai wannan darajar. Babban ra'ayi na wannan aikin:= Kuma (log_value1; log_value2; ...). Ayyukan na iya haɗawa daga 1 zuwa 255 jayayya.
Yanayi Ko, akasin haka, ya sake dawo da lambar TRUE, ko da idan ɗaya daga cikin muhawara ya sadu da yanayin, kuma duk wasu maƙaryaci ne. Ya samfurin kamar haka:= Kuma (log_value1; log_value2; ...). Kamar aikin da ya gabata, mai aiki Ko na iya haɗawa daga 1 zuwa 255 yanayi.
Yanayi NOT
Ba kamar waɗannan maganganun da suka gabata, aikin ba NOT Yana da kawai gardama. Yana canza ma'anar magana tare da Gaskiya a kan FALSE a cikin yanayin gardama da aka ƙayyade. Ma'anar tsari ta gaba kamar haka:= BA (log_value).
Ayyuka IF kuma Gyara
Don ƙaddarar hanyoyi, amfani da aikin IF. Wannan bayani yana nuna daidai wane darajar ne Gaskiyakuma abin da FALSE. Hanya ta gaba ɗaya kamar haka:= IF (shafean_expression; value_if_es_far_; value_if-ƙarya). Sabili da haka, idan an cika yanayin, bayanin da aka ƙayyade a baya ya cika cikin tantanin halitta dauke da wannan aikin. Idan ba a sadu da yanayin ba, cell ya cika da wasu bayanan da aka ƙayyade a cikin jigon na uku na aikin.
Mai sarrafawa Gyara, idan hujjar ta kasance gaskiya, ta sake dawo da kansa ga tantanin halitta. Amma, idan hujjar bata da kyau, to, darajar da mai amfani ya dawo ya koma cikin tantanin halitta. Haɗin wannan aikin, wanda ya ƙunshi kawai muhawara biyu, shi ne kamar haka:= ERROR (darajar; value_if_fault).
Darasi: IF aiki a Excel
Ayyuka Gyara kuma BUYA
Yanayi Gyara Yana duba idan wani tantanin halitta ko wani kewayon kwayoyin yana dauke da dabi'u mara kyau. A karkashin ƙananan dabi'u sune waɗannan:
- # N / A;
- #VALUE;
- #NUM!;
- # DEL / 0!;
- # LINK!;
- # NAME?;
- # NULL!
Dangane da ko hujjar marar kyau ko a'a, mai aiki yayi rahoton darajar Gaskiya ko FALSE. Haɗin aikin wannan shine kamar haka:= ERROR (darajar). Wannan jayayya ta kasance kawai dangane da tantanin halitta ko jerin tsararru.
Mai sarrafawa BUYA ya sa tantanin tantanin halitta ya bincika ko yana da komai ko ya ƙunshi dabi'u. Idan tantanin halitta bata da komai, aikin yana rahoton darajar Gaskiyaidan tantanin halitta ya ƙunshi bayanai - FALSE. Rubutun ga wannan sanarwa shine:= CORRECT (darajar). Kamar yadda a cikin akwati na baya, gardamar ita ce batun batun cell ko jeri.
Aikace-aikace Misali
Yanzu bari muyi la'akari da aikace-aikacen wasu ayyukan da ke sama tare da misali.
Muna da jerin ma'aikata da albashi. Amma, Bugu da ƙari, duk ma'aikata sun karbi bonus. Yawan da ake amfani da su shine nau'i 700. Amma 'yan fensho da mata suna da damar samun kyauta mafi girma na 1,000 rubles. Baya shine ma'aikata wadanda, saboda dalilai daban-daban, sun yi aiki a ƙasa da kwanaki 18 a cikin wata da aka ba. A kowane hali, suna da damar yin amfani da sababbin nau'o'i 700 na rubles.
Bari mu yi ƙoƙari mu yi dabara. Sabili da haka, muna da yanayi biyu, wanda aikinsa ya ba da kyautar 1000 rubles - shine ya isa shekarun ritaya ko kuma na ma'aikaci ga jima'i. A lokaci guda kuma, za mu ba da duk waɗanda aka haife kafin 1957 zuwa ga 'yan asibiti. A halinmu, don jeri na farko na teburin, wannan tsari zai yi kama da wannan:= IF (OR (C4 <1957; D4 = "mace"); "1000"; "700"). Amma kada ka manta cewa abin da ake buƙata don samun ƙarin haɓaka yana aiki cikin kwanaki 18 ko fiye. Don saka wannan yanayin a tsarinmu, yi amfani da aikin NOT:= IF (OR (C4 <1957; D4 = "mace") * (BABI (E4 <18)); "1000"; "700").
Don kwafin wannan aikin a cikin sassan layin tebur, inda aka nuna farashin kuɗi, zamu zama siginan kwamfuta a cikin kusurwar dama na tantanin halitta inda akwai rigara. Alamar cika alama ta bayyana. Just ja shi zuwa ƙarshen tebur.
Ta haka ne, mun karbi tebur tare da bayani game da adadin lambar yabo ga kowane ma'aikaci na sha'anin daban.
Darasi: ayyuka mai mahimmanci na kwarai
Kamar yadda kake gani, ayyuka masu mahimmanci kayan aiki ne masu dacewa don yin lissafi a cikin Microsoft Excel. Yin amfani da ayyukan ƙaddamar, zaka iya saita yanayi da yawa lokaci ɗaya kuma samun sakamakon sakamako yana dogara da ko waɗannan yanayi sun cika ko a'a. Yin amfani da irin wannan tsari zai iya sarrafawa da dama ayyuka, wanda ya adana lokacin mai amfani.
