Na dogon lokaci, babban nau'in microware firmware da ake amfani dashi shine BIOS - Basic Ninput /Osakamako System. Tare da gabatarwar sababbin sigogin tsarin aiki a kasuwa, masana'antun suna motsi zuwa wani sabon sifa - UEFI, wanda ke tsaye ga Uba'a Emarar nauyi Firmware Ninterface, wanda ya samar da ƙarin zaɓuɓɓuka domin daidaitawa da kuma aiki da hukumar. Yau muna so mu gabatar muku da hanyoyi don ƙayyade irin na'urorin microware da aka yi amfani da su akan kwamfutar.
Yadda za a san idan an shigar da BIOS ko UEFI
Na farko, wasu kalmomi game da bambance-bambance na wani zaɓi daga wani. UEFI wani tsari ne na yau da kullum da aka yi amfani da firmware - zaka iya cewa wannan sigar OS ne mai sauƙi tare da ƙirar hoto wanda ke ba ka damar saita kwamfutarka ko da ba tare da wani rumbun kwamfutarka ba. BIOS ya fi tsayi, bai canza ba cikin shekaru 30 da ya kasance, kuma a yau yana sa mafi damuwa fiye da kyau.
Yana yiwuwa a gane irin software da ake amfani da su kafin a kwashe kwamfutar ta cikin tsarin, ko OS kanta. Bari mu fara tare da karshen, saboda suna da sauki don yin aiki.
Hanyar 1: Tabbatar da kayan aiki na kayan aiki
A cikin kowane tsarin aiki, koda kuwa iyalin, akwai kayan aiki waɗanda za a iya samun bayani game da irin firmware.
Windows
A cikin OS na Microsoft, zaku iya gano bayanan da ake bukata ta amfani da mai amfani da tsarin msinfo32.
- Yi amfani da gajeren hanya na keyboard Win + R don kiran rikici Gudun. Bayan bude shi, shigar da suna cikin akwatin rubutu. msinfo32 kuma danna "Ok".
- Da kayan aiki zai gudana. "Bayarwar Kayan Gida". Je zuwa ɓangaren tare da wannan sunan ta amfani da menu a hagu.
- Sa'an nan kuma kula da gefen dama na taga - an kira abin da muke bukata "Yanayin BIOS". Idan an nuna "An dage" ("Legacy"), wannan shine ainihin BIOS. Idan UEFI, to, a cikin layin da aka ƙayyade za a sanya shi daidai.
Linux
A cikin tsarin aiki da ke kan kernel Linux, zaka iya samun bayanin da ya cancanta ta amfani da mota. Gudun shi kuma shigar da umarnin bincike na gaba:
ls sys / firmware / efi
Tare da wannan umarni, zamu ƙayyade ko wani shugabanci da aka samo a sys / firmware / efi yana cikin tsarin Linux. Idan wannan shugabanci ya kasance, mahaifiyar tana amfani da UEFI. Sabili da haka, idan ba'a sami wannan jagorar ba, to, kawai BIOS ne a kan "motherboard".
Kamar yadda kake gani, hanyar tsarin don samun bayanin da ya dace dole ne mai sauki.
Hanyar 2: Aikace-aikacen kayan aiki ba
Hakanan zaka iya gane nau'in firmware da mahaifiyar ta amfani da shi ba tare da yin amfani da tsarin aiki ba. Gaskiyar ita ce, ɗaya daga cikin bambance-bambance tsakanin EUFI da BIOS shine amfani da ƙirar hoto, don haka hanyar da ta fi dacewa ta shigar da yanayin kwakwalwar kwamfuta ita ce gano shi ta idanu.
- Canja zuwa yanayin BIOS na tebur ko kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka. Akwai hanyoyi da yawa don yin wannan - ana zaɓar da zaɓin na kowa a cikin labarin a mahaɗin da ke ƙasa.
Darasi: Yadda ake shiga BIOS akan kwamfutar
- BIOS yana amfani da maɓallin rubutu a launuka biyu ko hudu (mafi yawancin launin shudi-launin toka-baki, amma ƙayyadadden tsarin launi ya dogara ne akan mai sana'a).
- UEFI tana da ciki a matsayin mai sauƙi don mai amfani, don haka a ciki zamu iya lura da hotuna da kuma sarrafawa da yawa ta hanyar amfani da linzamin kwamfuta.
Lura cewa a wasu sigogin UEFI yana yiwuwa a sauyawa tsakanin yanayin hoto da rubutu daidai, don haka wannan hanya ba mai dogara ba ne, kuma yana da kyau a yi amfani da kayan aiki na tsarin idan ya yiwu.
Kammalawa
Rarrabe BIOS daga UEFI yana da sauƙi, da kuma ƙayyade takamaiman nau'in da aka yi amfani da shi a kan mahadin kwamfutarka ko kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka.
