Sannu a hankali aiki USB-tashar jiragen ruwa - yadda za a bugun sama da aiki

Sannu

A yau, kowane kwamfutar an sanye shi da tashoshin USB. Kayan aiki da ke haɗa zuwa USB, cikin dubun (idan ba daruruwan). Kuma idan wasu daga cikin na'urori ba su buƙatar gudun gudun tashar jiragen ruwa (linzamin kwamfuta da keyboard ba, misali), to wasu wasu: ƙwaƙwalwar fitarwa, rumbun kwamfyuta na waje, kyamara - suna da wuya ga gudun. Idan tashar jiragen ruwa za ta yi aiki sannu a hankali: canja wurin fayiloli daga PC zuwa wata ƙirar USB (alal misali) kuma mugunta zai zama babban mafarki mai ban tsoro ...

A cikin wannan labarin Ina so in bayyana ainihin dalilan da yasa tashoshin USB zasu iya aiki sannu-sannu, da kuma samar da wasu matakai don sauke USB. Saboda haka ...

1) Rashin "azumi" kebul na tashar jiragen ruwa

A farkon labarin na so in sanya karamin ƙananan kalmomi ... Gaskiyar ita ce, akwai nau'i uku na tashar USB a yanzu: USB 1.1, USB 2.0 da USB 3.0 (USB3.0 ana alama a blue, duba Figure 1). Yawan aikin su ya bambanta!

Fig. 1. USB 2.0 (hagu) da kuma USB 3.0 (dama) mashigai.

Saboda haka, idan kun haɗa na'urar (alal misali, ƙirar USB) wanda ke goyan bayan USB 3.0 zuwa tashar kwamfuta ta USB 2.0, to, za su yi aiki a tashar tashar jiragen ruwa, watau. ba iyaka ba! Da ke ƙasa akwai wasu ƙayyadaddun fasaha.

Kayyancewa USB 1.1:

• high exchange rate - 12 Mbit / s;
• low exchange rate - 1.5 Mbit / s;
• matsakaicin iyaka na USB tsawon babban canjin kudi - 5 m;
• matsakaicin iyaka na tsawon lokaci don ƙananan musayar kudi - 3 m;
• Matsakaicin yawan na'urori masu haɗawa sune 127.

USB 2.0

Kebul na 2.0 ya bambanta daga kebul na 1.1 kawai a mafi girma da sauri da ƙananan canje-canjen a cikin yarjejeniyar canja wurin bayanai don yanayin Hi-gudun (480 Mbit / s). Akwai sau uku na USB 2.0 da sauri:

• Low-speed 10-1500 Kbit / s (amfani da na'urorin m: Keyboards, mice, joysticks);
• Mbps mai sauri na 0.5-12 (na'urorin audio / bidiyo);
• Hoto-mai sauri 25-480 Mbit / s (na'urori na bidiyo, na'urorin ajiya).

Abũbuwan amfãni na USB 3.0:

• Hanyoyin canja wurin bayanai a cikin sauri har zuwa 5 Gbps;
• Mai sarrafa zai iya karɓar lokaci da aika bayanai (cikakken duplex), wanda ya ƙaru gudun aikin;
• Kebul na 3.0 yana samar da amperage mafi girma, wanda zai sa ya zama mai sauƙi don haɗa na'urori irin su matsaloli masu wuya. Ƙarin amperage ya rage lokacin caji don na'urorin hannu daga kebul. A wasu lokuta, halin yanzu na iya isa ya haɗi ko da yake dubawa;
• Kebul na 3.0 yana dacewa da tsohuwar matsayi. Zai yiwu a haɗa tsoffin na'urorin zuwa sababbin tashoshin jiragen ruwa. Ana iya haɗa na'ura na USB 3.0 zuwa tashar USB 2.0 (idan akwai isasshen wutar lantarki), amma gudun na'urar zai iyakance ta gudun tashar jiragen ruwa.

Yadda za a gano abin da shafukan USB ke a kwamfutarka?

1. Zaɓin mafi sauki shine ɗaukar takaddun shaida don PC ɗin ku kuma duba bayanan.

2. Na biyu zaɓi shine shigar da kwararru. mai amfani don ƙayyade halaye na kwamfutar. Ina bayar da shawarar AIDA (ko EVEREST).

AIDA

Jami'in Yanar gizo: //www.aida64.com/downloads

Bayan shigarwa da gudana mai amfani, kawai je zuwa ɓangaren: "Kayan Na'urorin USB" (duba Fig.2). Wannan sashe zai nuna tashoshi na USB waɗanda suke a kwamfutarka.

Fig. 2. AIDA64 - a kan PC akwai USB 3.0 da USB 2.0 tashar jiragen ruwa.

2) Saitunan BIOS

Gaskiyar ita ce a cikin saitunan BIOS iyakar gudunmawar tashoshin USB (alal misali, Low-speed for USB 2.0 tashar jiragen ruwa) baza a kunna ba. Ana bada shawara don bincika wannan na farko.

Bayan kunna komputa (kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka), danna maballin DEL (ko F1, F2) don shigar da saitunan BIOS. Dangane da irin fasalin, tashar tashar tashar jiragen ruwa na iya zama a sassa daban-daban (alal misali, a hoto na 3, tashar tashar jiragen USB na cikin ɓangare na Advanced).

Buttons don shigar da BIOS na masana'antu daban-daban na PCs, kwamfyutocin kwamfyutoci:

Fig. 3. BIOS Saitin.

Lura cewa kana buƙatar saita ƙimar mafi girma: mai yiwuwa shi ne FullSpeed ​​(ko Hi-gudun, duba bayani a cikin labarin da ke sama) a cikin Maɓallin Gudanar da Kebul.

3) Idan kwamfutar bata da tashoshin USB 2.0 / USB 3.0

A wannan yanayin, zaka iya shigar da kwamitin na musamman a cikin tsarin tsarin - mai kula da PCI USB 2.0 (ko PCIe USB 2.0 / PCIe USB 3.0, da dai sauransu). Suna saya ba da tsada ba, kuma gudun lokacin da suke musayar tare da na'urori na USB yana ƙaruwa sosai!

Su shigarwa a cikin tsarin tsarin yana da sauqi:

1. farko kashe kwamfutar;
2. bude murfi na tsarin tsarin;
3. haɗi da jirgin zuwa sashin PCI (yawanci a cikin ƙananan hagu na motherboard);
4. gyara shi tare da dunƙule;
5. bayan kunna PC ɗin, Windows za ta shigar da direba ta atomatik kuma zaka iya samun aiki (idan ba haka ba, amfani da amfani a cikin wannan labarin:

Fig. 4. PCI USB 2.0 mai sarrafawa.

4) Idan na'urar tana aiki a USB 1.1 gudun, amma an haɗa shi zuwa tashar USB 2.0

Wannan wani lokaci yakan faru, kuma sau da yawa a wannan yanayin akwai kuskuren nau'i ya bayyana: "Na'urar USB zai iya aiki da sauri idan an haɗa shi zuwa tashar USB 2.0 mai girma."…

Ya faru kamar wannan, yawanci saboda matsalar direbobi. A wannan yanayin, zaka iya gwada: ko dai sabunta wajan ta amfani da kwararru. aikace-aikace (ko share su (yadda tsarin zai sake sa su ta atomatik). Yadda za a yi:

• Dole ne ku fara zuwa mai sarrafa na'urar (kawai amfani da bincike a cikin tsarin kula da Windows);
• kara samun shafin tare da dukkan na'urori na USB;
• cire su duka;
• sa'an nan kuma sabunta sabuntawar hardware (duba Figure 5).

Fig. 5. Nemi sabunta hardware (Mai sarrafa na'ura).

PS

Wani muhimmin mahimmanci: a lokacin da kwafin kananan fayiloli (kamar yadda ya saba da ɗayan manyan) - gudun gudunmawa zai zama 10-20 sau da yawa! Wannan shi ne saboda bincika kowane ɗayan fayiloli na free a kan faifai, da zaɓi da sabuntawa na tebur (da sauransu). Saboda haka, idan zai yiwu, zai fi dacewa da gungun kananan fayilolin, kafin a buga su zuwa lasisin USB na USB (ko rumbun kwamfutarka na waje), kunsa zuwa fayil guda ɗaya na archive (godiya ga wannan, gudunmawar kari zai kara sau da yawa!

A kan wannan ina da komai, aiki mai nasara 🙂