Zuwa kwanan wata, masu tafiyar da ƙwaƙwalwar fitilu su ne mashahuriyar ajiya na waje. Sabanin kwakwalwa da na'ura mai kwakwalwa (CD / DVD da kwarewa ta hanyar aiki), masu tafiyar da ƙwallon ƙafa sun fi dacewa da tsayayya ga lalacewa na injiniya. Kuma saboda abin da aka samu muni da kwanciyar hankali? Bari mu gani!
Mene ne kewayar kullun ta kunshi kuma ta yaya
Abu na farko da za a lura shi ne cewa babu motsi na motsi na motsi a cikin kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka wanda zai iya sha wahala daga lahira ko jolts. An samo wannan ta hanyar zane - ba tare da akwati na karewa ba, ƙwaƙwalwar kebul na USB wani kwamiti ne mai kewaye da wanda aka haɗa maɓallin USB. Bari mu dubi abubuwan da aka gyara.
Babban kayan aiki
Kayan aiki na mafi yawan ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa zai iya raba zuwa asali da ƙarin.
Babban abubuwan sune:
- NAND ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya;
- Mai sarrafawa;
- ma'adini resonator.
- Haɗin USB
NAND memory
Kayan aiki yana aiki ta hanyar NAND-ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya: kwakwalwa mai kwakwalwa. Kayan kwakwalwar wannan ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya shine, da farko, mai sauƙi sosai, kuma na biyu - sosai da ƙarfin: idan da farko mawallafi sun rasa girman su zuwa kwakwalwa na al'ada a wancan lokacin, yanzu sun wuce fayilolin Blu-Ray a cikin damar. Irin wannan ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya, a tsakanin sauran abubuwa, ba maƙasasshe ba ne, wato, bazai buƙatar tushen wuta don adana bayanan ba, banda kamus ɗin RAM da aka yi ta amfani da irin wannan fasaha.
Duk da haka, NAND-ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya tana da dashi ɗaya, idan aka kwatanta da wasu nau'ikan na'urorin ajiya. Gaskiyar ita ce, rayuwar waɗannan kwakwalwan kwamfuta yana da iyakance ga wasu adadin haruffa na sake rubutawa (bayanin karatu / rubutu a cikin kwayoyin halitta). A matsakaici, adadin lambobin karatun rubuce-rubuce ne 30,000 (dangane da irin ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa). Yana da alama sosai, amma a gaskiya shi ne kimanin shekaru 5 na amfani da karfi. Duk da haka, koda idan iyakar ta isa, za'a iya amfani da flash drive don amfani, amma don karatun bayanai. Bugu da ƙari, saboda yanayinsa, NAND memory yana da matukar damuwa ga fitarwa da lantarki, don haka kiyaye shi daga tushen irin wannan haɗari.
Mai sarrafawa
A lamba 2 a cikin adadi a farkon labarin akwai ƙananan guntu - mai sarrafawa, kayan sadarwa tsakanin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya da na'urorin haɗi (PCs, TVs, radios car, da dai sauransu).
Mai kulawa (wanda ake kira microcontroller) mai amfani ne da kwamfutarka ta hanyar sarrafawa da kuma wani adadin RAM da aka yi amfani dashi don yin amfani da bayanai da manufofin sabis. A karkashin hanya don sabunta madaidaiciya ko BIOS ana nufin kawai sabuntawar software na microcontroller. Kamar yadda aikin ya nuna, yawancin rashin cin nasara na tukwici na flash shine rashin nasarar mai sarrafawa.
Ma'adini resonator
Wannan nau'ikan shi ne zane-zane mai mahimmanci, wanda, kamar yadda yake a cikin agogo na lantarki, ya haifar da ƙaddarar jituwa na wani mita. A cikin motsi na flash, an yi amfani da resoner don sadarwa tsakanin mai kulawa, NAND memory da karin kayan.
Wannan ɓangaren ƙwaƙwalwar magunguna yana cikin haɗarin lalacewa, kuma, ba kamar matsaloli da microcontroller ba, yana da kusan yiwuwa a warware su da kanka. Abin farin ciki, a halin yanzu magoya bayan resonators sun kasa inganci.
Haɗin USB
A cikin mafi yawancin lokuta, an kaddamar da wata na'ura ta USB ta zamani da nau'in A USB 2.0 mai haɗawa, wanda aka daidaita don karɓar da watsawa. Sabbin na'urori suna amfani da USB 3.0 Type A da Type C.
Ƙarin kayan
Bugu da ƙari ga abubuwan da aka ambata a sama na na'ura mai kwakwalwa, masana'antun sukan ba su da abubuwa masu zaɓi, kamar: mai nuna alama, mai sauya kaya, kuma wasu siffofi na musamman ga wasu samfura.
Mai nuna alama
Mutane da yawa masu tafiyar da flash suna da ƙananan haske amma mai haske. An tsara shi don yin nuni da ido don yin aiki na kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka (rubutun ko karanta bayani) ko kuma kawai abu ne na zane.
Wannan mai nuna alama sau da yawa bazai ɗaukar nauyin aikin aiki na kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka ba, kuma ana buƙata, a gaskiya, kawai don saukaka mai amfani ko don kyau.
Rubuta maɓallin tsaro
Wannan haɓaka ya fi zane-zane ga katin SD, ko da yake wasu lokuta ana samuwa a kan na'urori na USB. Ana amfani da wannan karshen a cikin kamfanoni kamar masu bada bayanai daban-daban, ciki har da muhimmanci da kuma sirri. Don kauce wa abubuwan da ke faruwa tare da cirewar irin wannan bayanai, masu yin amfani da ƙirar wuta a wasu samfuri suna amfani da sauya kariya: tsayayyar da cewa, lokacin da aka haɗa zuwa wutar lantarki ta na'urar ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya, tana hana samun wutar lantarki ta kai ga ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar.
Lokacin da kake ƙoƙarin rubutawa ko share bayanan daga drive wanda aka kare kariya, OS zai nuna wannan sakon.
Bugu da ƙari, ana kiyaye kariya a cikin makullin kebul na USB: masu tafiyar da ƙwaƙwalwa, wanda ya ƙunshi takaddun shaida masu dacewa don yin aiki daidai na wasu takamaiman software.
Wannan nau'ikan kuma zai iya karya, ya haifar da mummunar halin da ake ciki - na'urar tana son aiki, amma ba zai yiwu ba amfani da shi. Muna da kaya akan shafinmu wanda zai iya magance matsalar.
Kara karantawa: Yadda za a cire rikodin kariya a kan kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka
Musamman abubuwa
Wadannan sun hada da, misali, gaban haɗuwa Hasken walƙiya, microUSB ko Type-C: na'ura na flash tare da kasancewar waɗanda aka nufa don amfani, ciki har da wayoyin hannu da kuma allunan.
Duba Har ila yau: Yadda za a haɗa wani wayan flash zuwa smartphone a Android ko iOS
Akwai masu tafiyarwa tare da kariya mafi kariya na bayanan da aka rubuta - suna da keyboard mai ginawa don shigar da kalmar sirri ta lambobi.
A gaskiya ma, wannan ƙari ne mai sauƙi na sauya kariya.
Abũbuwan amfãni daga ƙwaƙwalwa:
- aminci;
- babban damar;
- Ƙira;
- juriya ga danniya na inji.
Abubuwan da ba a iya amfani dasu ba:
- fragility na da aka gyara;
- iyakar rayuwar sabis;
- lalacewa zuwa wutar lantarki saukad da saukewa.
Don taƙaitawa - ƙila-ƙwaƙwalwa, daga ra'ayi na fasaha, yana da wuya. Duk da haka, sabili da tsarin sassaucin jiki da ƙananan kayan da aka gyara, mafi girman juriya ga kayan aiki na kayan aiki. A gefe guda kuma, dole ne a kiyaye kullun filayen, musamman ma da muhimman bayanai, daga tasirin ƙarfin lantarki da saukowa ko wutar lantarki.
