Tambayar da OS ta saka a kan kwamfutar ta damu da dukkanin ɗalibai mai amfani na dogon lokaci - wani ya yi iƙirari cewa Microsoft ba shi da wani zabi, wani, a akasin wannan, yana da cikakken goyon bayan software na kyauta, wanda ya haɗa da tsarin tafiyar Linux. Don kawar da shakka (ko kuma, akasin haka, don tabbatar da imani) za mu yi kokarin a cikin labarin yau, wanda zamu bada don kwatanta Linux da Windows 10.
Ganin Windows 10 da Linux
Da farko, mun lura da muhimmin ma'anar - babu OS tare da sunan Linux: wannan kalmar (ko fiye daidai, haɗin kalmomi GNU / Linux) ana kiran shi mahimmin, ɓangaren tushe, yayin da ƙarawa a sama da shi ya dogara ne akan kayan rarraba ko ma bukatun mai amfani. Windows 10 shine tsarin aiki mai cikakke wanda ke gudana a kan ƙwayar Windows NT. Saboda haka, a nan gaba, kalmar Linux a cikin wannan labarin ya kamata a fahimta a matsayin samfurin bisa ga kwayar GNU / Linux.
Bukatun don hardware hardware
Sakamakon farko da muka kwatanta waɗannan tsarin aiki guda biyu shine tsarin da ake bukata.
Windows 10:
- Mai sarrafawa: gine-gine na x86 tare da mita na akalla 1 GHz;
- RAM: 1-2 GB (dangane da bit);
- Katin bidiyon: kowane tare da goyan bayan fasaha na DirectX 9.0c;
- Hard disk space: 20 GB.
Kara karantawa: Tsarin tsarin don shigar da Windows 10
Linux:
Ka'idodin OS na Linux ƙwallon ya dogara ne akan add-ins da kuma yanayin - alal misali, mafi yawan sanannun, ƙwarewar Ubuntu mai amfani da kwarewa daga cikin akwati yana da waɗannan bukatu:
- Mai sarrafawa: dual-core tare da gudunmawar agogo na akalla 2 GHz;
- RAM: 2 GB ko fiye;
- Katin bidiyo: duk tare da goyon baya ga OpenGL;
- Sanya a kan HDD: 25 GB.
Kamar yadda kake gani, ba ya bambanta da yawa daga "dubban". Duk da haka, idan kuna amfani da wannan mahimmanci, amma tare da harsashi xfce (ana kiran wannan zaɓi xubuntu), muna samun wadannan bukatun:
- CPU: kowane gine da mita 300 MHz da sama;
- RAM: 192 MB, amma zai fi dacewa 256 MB kuma mafi girma;
- Katin bidiyo: 64 MB na ƙwaƙwalwa da goyon baya ga OpenGL;
- Hanya a kan rumbun: akalla 2 GB.
Tuni ya bambanta da Windows, yayin da xubuntu ya kasance OS na mai sada zumunta na zamani, kuma ya dace don amfani har ma akan tsofaffin na'urorin fiye da shekaru 10.
Kara karantawa: Bukatun tsarin don Rabalan Linux daban-daban
Zaɓuɓɓukan tsarawa
Mutane da yawa sun sabawa tsarin Microsoft game da fassarar mahimmanci na dubawa da saitunan tsarin kowace mahimmancin sabuntawa na ƴan ƙananan '- wasu masu amfani, musamman wadanda ba su da cikakken fahimta, suna rikicewa kuma basu fahimci inda waɗannan ko wasu sigogi sun tafi ba. Anyi wannan ne, bisa ga masu haɓakawa, don ƙaddamar da aikin, amma a gaskiya an samo asali da sauƙi.
Dangane da tsarin akan kwayar Linux, an tabbatar da stereotype cewa waɗannan tsarin aiki ba "ga kowa ba," ciki har da mahimmancin sanyi. Haka ne, wasu tsararraki a cikin adadin sifofin daidaitacce ba su kasance ba, amma bayan wani ɗan gajeren lokaci na sanarwa, sun ba da damar daidaitawa tsarin don bukatun mai amfani.
Babu wani babban nasara a cikin wannan rukuni - a cikin Windows 10, saitunan suna da rikicewa, amma lambar su ba ta da girma, kuma yana da wuya a rikice, yayin da a cikin tsarin Linux, mai amfani wanda ba shi da amfani ya iya rataya na tsawon lokaci "Mai sarrafa Saituna", amma sun kasance a wuri guda kuma suna ba ka damar yin kyau-daidaita tsarin don dace da bukatunku.
Amintaccen amfani
Ga wasu nau'i na masu amfani, al'amurran tsaro na OS guda ɗaya ko wani mahimmanci - musamman, a cikin kamfanoni. Haka ne, tsaro na "dubban" ya karu ne a kwatanta da fasali na asali na samfurin Microsoft, amma wannan OS yana buƙatar kasancewar akalla mai amfani da riga-kafi don nazarin lokaci. Bugu da ƙari, wasu masu amfani suna rikicewa game da manufofin masu bunkasa don tattara bayanan mai amfani.
Duba kuma: Yadda za a kashe ƙuntatawa a cikin Windows 10
Software na kyauta ne daban-daban. Na farko, ƙwaƙwalwa game da ƙwayoyin cuta 3.5 a karkashin Linux basu da nisa daga gaskiya: aikace-aikace mara kyau don rabawa a kan wannan ƙwayar yana da ɗaruruwan karami. Abu na biyu, irin waɗannan aikace-aikacen na Linux suna da damar da za su iya cutar da tsarin: idan ba a amfani dashi na tushen ba, wanda aka sani da hakkin hakkoki, cutar ba zata iya kusan kome ba a tsarin. Bugu da ƙari, aikace-aikacen da aka rubuta don Windows ba sa aiki a cikin waɗannan tsarin, don haka ƙwayoyin cuta daga "dubun" don Linux basu da ban tsoro. Ɗaya daga cikin ka'idodin sakewa software a ƙarƙashin kyauta kyauta shine ki ƙin karɓar bayanan mai amfani, don haka daga wannan ra'ayi, tsaro na tushen Linux yana da kwarai.
Saboda haka, dangane da tsaro na tsarin da kanta da kuma bayanan mai amfani, OS a kan GNU / Linux kernel yana gab da Windows 10, kuma wannan ba tare da la'akari da takamaiman gudummawar Live ba kamar Tails, wanda ya ba ka damar aiki kusan ba tare da barin wasu hanyoyi ba.
Software
Mafi mahimman nau'i na kwatanta tsarin aiki guda biyu shine samar da software, ba tare da OS ba ta kusan darajarta. Dukkanin Windows suna ƙaunar masu amfani da farko don tsari mai yawa na aikace-aikacen aikace-aikacen: yawancin aikace-aikacen da aka rubuta da farko don "windows", sannan kuma kawai don tsarin tsarin. Tabbas, akwai wasu shirye-shiryen da suka kasance, misali, kawai a cikin Linux, amma Windows yana samar da su da wasu hanyoyi.
Duk da haka, kada ka yi koka game da rashin software ga Linux: mai yawa da amfani, kuma, mahimmanci, shirye-shiryen kyauta kyauta ne da aka rubuta don wadannan OSs, farawa daga masu gyara bidiyo da kuma ƙare tare da tsarin don sarrafa kayan kimiyya. Ya kamata a lura da cewa, ƙirar neman aikace-aikacen irin wannan aikace-aikacen wani lokacin yana barin yawan abin da ake so, kuma shirin da ya dace akan Windows yana da ƙari, mafi dacewa, duk da haka ya fi iyaka.
Idan muka kwatanta bangaren software na tsarin biyu, ba zamu iya guje wa batun wasanni ba. Ba asirin cewa Windows 10 yanzu shine fifiko ga saki wasanni na bidiyo don tsarin dandalin PC; yawancin su ma sun iyakance ga "goma" kuma ba zasu aiki a Windows 7 ko ma 8.1 ba. Yawancin lokaci, ƙaddamar da kayan wasa ba zai haifar da wani matsala ba, har da cewa halayen kwamfutar sun haɗu da akalla ƙananan bukatun tsarin. Har ila yau, a ƙarƙashin Windows, "Siffarwa" mai mahimmanci Steam da irin wannan mafita daga wasu masu haɓakawa.
A kan Linux, abubuwa suna da muni. Haka ne, ana sakin software na wasan kwaikwayo, wanda aka sanya shi a karkashin wannan dandamali ko ma daga fashewa don rubuce-rubuce, amma adadin samfurori ba ya zuwa wani kwatanta da tsarin Windows. Akwai kuma mai fassara mai ruwan inabi, wanda ke ba ka damar gudanar da shirye-shirye a kan Windows da aka rubuta don Windows, amma idan ya yi aiki tare da mafi yawan software, to, wasanni, musamman mawuyaci ko ɓataccen abu, zai iya haifar da matsalolin wasanni ko a kan matakan iko, ko kuma ba zasu gudu akalla. Wani madadin Vine shi ne harsashi na Proton da aka gina a cikin Linux version of Steam, amma yana da nesa daga panacea.
Sabili da haka, zamu iya cewa cewa dangane da wasanni, Windows 10 yana da amfani fiye da OS bisa tushen kudan zuma na Linux.
Shirye-shiryen bayyanar
Sakamakon karshe dangane da muhimmancin da kuma shahararren shine yiwuwar keɓancewar bayyanar tsarin aiki. Shirye-shiryen Windows a wannan mahimmanci an iyakance ga shigar da wata mahimmanci wanda ya canza launin launi da sauti, da kuma fuskar bangon waya "Tebur" kuma "Allon kulle". Bugu da ƙari, yana yiwuwa a maye gurbin kowane ɗayan waɗannan abubuwa dabam. Ƙarin ƙarin fasali na ƙirar ke samuwa ta hanyar software na ɓangare na uku.
Tsarin ayyukan da aka kafa ta Linux sun fi dacewa, kuma za ka iya zazzage wani abu, har ma da maye gurbin yanayin da ke taka rawa "Tebur". Mafi yawan masu amfani da masu amfani da su zasu iya kashe duk abin da ke da kyau don ajiye albarkatu, kuma amfani da ƙirar umarni don yin hulɗa tare da tsarin.
Bisa ga wannan mahimmanci, ba zai iya yiwuwa a ƙayyade ƙaunar da aka fi so a tsakanin Windows 10 da Linux: wannan karshen ya fi dacewa kuma ya ba ka damar yin aiki tare da kayan aiki, amma don ƙarin gyare-gyare na "hanyoyi" ba za ka iya yin ba tare da shigar da mafita na ɓangare na uku ba.
Abin da za a zaɓa, Windows 10 ko Linux
A mafi yawancin, zaɓuɓɓukan tsarin tsarin GNU / Linux sun fi dacewa: sun kasance mafi aminci, ƙananan buƙata abubuwan halayen kayan aiki, akwai shirye-shiryen da yawa don wannan dandamali wanda zai iya maye gurbin analogs waɗanda suke samuwa kawai a kan Windows, ciki har da masu sauƙi daban daban na na'urori daban-daban, kazalika da ikon yin amfani da wasannin kwamfuta. Kaddamar da rarrabawa akan wannan zuciyar na iya numfashin rayuwa ta biyu a cikin tsohon kwamfuta ko kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka, wadda ba ta dace da sabuwar Windows ba.
Amma yana da muhimmanci mu fahimci cewa zaɓin karshe ya fi dacewa, bisa ga ayyuka. Alal misali, kwamfutar mai tsabta tare da fasali mai kyau, wadda aka tsara don amfani da shi, ciki har da wasanni, Linux masu gudana, ba zai yiwu ya nuna cikakken damarta ba. Har ila yau, ba shi yiwuwa a yi ba tare da Windows ba idan shirin da yake da wuyar gaske don aiki ya kasance kawai don wannan dandamali kuma ba ya aiki a cikin ɗaya ko wani mai fassara. Bugu da ƙari, ga masu amfani da tsarin sarrafawa daga Microsoft sun fi sabawa, bari sauyawa zuwa Linux yanzu basu da zafi fiye da shekaru 10 da suka wuce.
Kamar yadda kake gani, koda Linux yana da fifita fiye da Windows 10 ta hanyar wasu sharudda, zaɓin tsarin aiki don kwamfuta ya dogara da dalilin da za'a yi amfani da ita.
