Kwayoyin Kwamfuta ƙayyadaddun lokaci ne don shirye-shiryen da suke cutar da tsarin, sata bayanan sirri, ko yin kwantar da kwamfuta ta hanyar nuna tallace tallace. Wasu malware suna iya ɓoye bayanai a kan matsaloli masu wuya, wanda zai haifar da asarar su. A cikin wannan labarin zamu tattauna game da yadda zaka iya kare PC din daga waɗannan kwari.
Kare kariya
Akwai hanyoyi da dama don karewa daga ƙwayoyin cuta, kuma bambance-bambance suna cikin tasiri da kuma dacewa da amfani. Alal misali, fasahar rigakafi mai tsabta da aka tsara domin kamfanonin kamfani bazai aiki don mai amfani na PC na gida ba, kuma idan wasu yanayi sun hadu, zaka iya yin ba tare da riga-kafi ba. Na gaba, zamu yi cikakken bayani game da zaɓuɓɓuka daban-daban, da kuma magana game da abin da za a yi a yanayin kamuwa da kamuwa da cuta.
Yadda ƙwayoyin cuta ke shiga kwamfutar
A gaskiya ma, akwai kawai bambance-bambancen guda biyu na shiga cikin malware a kan PC - Intanit da kafofin watsa labarai na jiki. Ta hanyar hanyar sadarwar, sun samo mana ta hanyar sauke fayiloli daban-daban daga magungunan masana'antu, aikawa da asusun imel, har ma da hanyoyi masu hankali. Don kaucewa wannan abu ne mai sauki - kawai bi dokoki masu sauki, wanda zamu tattauna a kasa.
Tare da kafofin watsa labaru na jiki - fitarwa na flash - kana bukatar ka kasance da hankali sosai. Idan an kai hare-hare ta hanyar intanet a bazuwar, canja wurin da kamfanonin kamuwa zai iya bin wata manufa. Mafi sau da yawa ana samun iko a kan PC ɗin da (ko) ainihi sata - sunayen masu amfani da kalmomin shiga daga ayyuka da wallets ko wasu muhimman bayanai.
Hanyar 1: Antivirus
Magunguna ne software na musamman da ke taimakawa hana malware daga shiga cikin PC ɗinmu. Don yin aiki kamar yadda ya kamata sosai, waɗannan shirye-shirye suna amfani da bayanan da aka yi da shirye-shiryen da suka ƙunshi alamun ƙwayoyin da aka sani yanzu.
An rarraba magungunan rigakafi zuwa biya da kyauta. Bambance-bambance suna kunshe ne a cikin wasu ayyuka. Babban fasali na shirye-shiryen da aka biya shi ne yin amfani da bayanan cutar kansu, wanda aka sabunta akai-akai. Wannan tsarin ya ba ka damar yin gaggawa da fitowar sababbin kwari da rufe su zuwa PC. Mafi sanannun samfurori sun hada da Kaspersky Anti-Virus, Norton Tsaro Intanet, ESET NOD32 Antivirus.
Karanta ma: kwatanta Kaspersky Anti-Virus da ESET NOD32 antiviruses
Hanyar shigarwa da rigakafin da aka biya shi ne tambayoyin mutum ga kowane mai amfani. Idan ana amfani da na'ura a matsayin tushen samun kudin shiga, wanda ke nuna ajiya na muhimman bayanai, ayyukan da sauran abubuwa, to, an bada shawarar sosai don amfani da lasisi biya. Haka kuma, idan an tsara kwamfutar don dacewa da hawan igiyar ruwa, to, zaku yi tare da samfurin kyauta, alal misali, Avast Free Antivirus ko Avira Free Antivirus.
Duba kuma: kwatanta antiviruses Avira da Avast
Har ila yau, ya kamata a ambata cewa shirye-shiryen da aka biya na haɓaka suna haifar da kwarewa a kan tsarin. A bayyane, suna saka idanu akan tafiyar matakai, bincika matsaloli da saukewa daga cibiyar sadarwa. Wannan hali zai iya tasiri sosai ga aikin, musamman ga PC mara kyau.
Hanyar 2: Kayan Fasahar Windows
Duk sababbin sassan Windows, farawa tare da XP, an sanye su tare da shirin riga-kafi da aka gina da sunan mai sauki "Mai kare Windows" (Defender Windows). Wannan samfurin yana da ƙayyadaddun abubuwa masu dacewa - kariya na ainihi da kuma tsarin tsarin kwamfuta don ƙwayoyin cuta. Amfani mai kyau na shirin shine don ajiye mai amfani daga ƙaddamar da software na ƙarin. Ƙananan - ƙananan aiki.
Mai tsaron Windows yana cikakke idan ba a shigar da shirye-shiryen ba tare da lasisi a kwamfutarka ba, kawai ana amfani da albarkatun da aka amince akan yanar gizo kuma ana amfani da na'ura ne kawai don hanyar nishaɗi da sadarwa. A wasu lokuta, yana da daraja tunanin ƙarin kariya a cikin hanyar riga-kafi.
Ƙarin karantawa: Gyara da musaki Windows Defender
Dokokin tsaro
Mafi yawan mahimman dokoki a wani nau'i ko wani an riga an bayyana su a sama, don haka kawai taƙaita abin da aka fada.
- A duk lokuta, sai dai banbanci, alal misali, idan kana da komputa mai rauni, kana buƙatar amfani da ƙarin kariya a cikin hanyar riga-kafi.
- Yi amfani da shirye-shirye masu lasisi kawai kuma ziyarci shafukan intanet.
- Kada kayi amfani da wasu ƙananan fitilun mutane. Bayani game da tafiyar da kwamfutarka yana buƙatar kiyaye shi daga ƙwayoyin cuta.
Kara karantawa: Kare Kallon USB daga ƙwayoyin cuta.
- Idan kwamfutar ta zama tushen samun kudin shiga, dole ne ka yi amfani da kayan riga-kafi wanda aka biya.
- Yi madadin tsarin kwamfutarka da fayiloli masu mahimmanci domin ku dawo da su idan akwai wani harin.
Ƙarin bayani: Yadda za a mayar da Windows
Abubuwa masu yawa da suka haɗa da asarar muhimman bayanai zasu taimaka wajen kaucewa ajiyar iska - Yandex.Disk, Google Drive, Dropbox.
Abin da za a yi idan akwai kamuwa da cuta
Ko da mafi mahimmancin '' sanyi '' 'ba su iya samar da kariya biliyan dari. "Masu sana'a" ba su barci ba, kuma sababbin ƙwayoyin cuta ba su fada cikin database ba. Idan PC ɗinka yana kamuwa da lambar malicious, zaka iya (buƙata) yin haka:
- Da farko ka tabbata cewa kamuwa da cuta ya faru. Za ka iya ƙayyade ta wasu alamu, da kuma yin amfani da scanners na cutar.
- Idan an samu kwari, yin tsaftacewa ta amfani da amfani na musamman, kuma idan akwai rashin cin nasara, nemi taimako daga kwararru akan albarkatu na musamman.
Kara karantawa: Yin gwagwarmayar ƙwayoyin kwamfuta
Kammalawa
Kare kwamfutarka daga ƙwayoyin cuta abu ne wanda nauyin alhakin yana ɗora gaba ɗaya a ƙafar mai amfani. Lokacin zabar hanyar, gwada ƙoƙarin ƙayyade ainihin yadda zaka iya amfani da PC. Kuskuren zai haifar da mummunan sakamako a cikin asarar data, kuma watakila ma kudi. Idan zaka iya ɗaukar madadin farko, babu wanda zai dawo da kuɗin ku.
